SP-0541: Evidence- vs. re-imbursement vs. patient-demand based proton therapy

Proton-Beam vs Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy

June 01, 2008 External-beam radiation is a highly effective curative treatment option for men with localized prostate cancer.[1,2] Over the past several decades, efforts have been made to improve the “therapeutic ratio” of radiation by increasing dose to improve cure rates without causing a substantial increase in side effects. Due to its potential to create superior dose distributions, proton ...

Sticky Demand vs. Sticky Prices

Sticky demand – sticky nominal spending – acts as a substitute for sticky prices. In an inventorytheoretic model of the demand for money, monetary injections are offset by endogenous movements in velocity that keep nominal spending flat. When embedded in a sticky price model, this reduces the model’s reliance on implausibly large amounts of exogenous stickiness. For example: 6 months asset mark...

hotodynamic Therapy vs Imiquimod

[Photodynamic therapy vs imiquimod].

Photodynamic therapy and imiquimod are highly regarded treatments dermatologists frequently prescribe for actinic keratoses, basal cell carcinoma, and Bowen disease. The scarcity of evidence from comparative trials prevents us from drawing well-founded conclusions about the efficacy, tolerance, and adverse effects of these therapeutic options or to recommend one over the other in any particular...

Fermion mixings vs d = 6 proton decay

It is well known, although sometimes ignored, that not only the d = 5 but also d = 6 proton decay depends on fermion mixings. In general we study carefully the dependence of d = 6 decay on fermion mixings using the effective operator approach. We find that without specifying a theory it is impossible to make clear predictions. Even in a given model, it is often not possible to determine all the...